A Novel Idea Generation Method for the Internet of Digital Reality Era: The Spinning Aufheben Method

Internet of Digital Reality (IoD) will be one of the essential next-generation information technologies. The content and presentation of information are the most important aspects that will make IoD work efficiently. However, the generation of ideas for IoD has not much progress in discussion because formalizing it is difficult. This paper presents an outline of the Spinning Aufheben (SA) method, which is a novel idea generation method, its application and model, validity, actual cases of the first application of the author, and potential social impact. Aufheben is one of the common mechanisms for generating ideas from two elements. This method enables the infinite generation of ideas by rotating three elements of a dialectic. We also present the result of pilot projects on 51 university students to determine its effectivity as an application for helping them determine future career plans after graduation. As a result, 46 students identified their career goals. The students expressed appreciation of the career search results using the SA methood

Elevated temperature microcompression transient testing of nanocrystalline materials: Creep, stress relaxation and strain rate jump tests

Traditionally, time-dependent properties of nanocrystalline metals have been measured on bulk samples. With the advent of thin film deposition techniques like sputtering and electrodeposition for fabricating nanocrystalline materials, it has become necessary to adapt bulk mechanical testing for thin films. Nanoindentation has been extensively applied for this purpose, particularly on thin films where conventional testing is difficult or impossible, and has been demonstrated to successfully extract strain rate exponents [1]. However, the interpretation of the indentation results can be difficult due to the complex stress state, and the nearly instantaneous onset of large-strain plasticity. Microcompression, on the other hand, is advantageous due to the relatively simple, well understood uniaxial stress state. In this talk, micro-compression creep, stress relaxation and strain rate sensitivity [2] testing performed on nanocrystalline Ni at elevated temperatures (25-125 °C) will be described. All tests were performed on the same sample to remove sample-to-sample variation and allow direct comparison to help understand the correlation between these three time dependent tests. The observed stress relaxation and creep behaviors were found to be significant at stresses even below the 0.2% offset yield strength. Strain rate jump and creep tests yielded strain rate sensitivity and creep stress exponents as a function of temperature. Elevated temperature studies permit the extraction of activation parameters (activation volume and activation energies) that provide an initial estimate of the footprint of the dominant deformation mechanisms. The activation parameters were compared for all the three tests. Based on the results from these studies, possible rate controlling deformation mechanism(s) will be discussed. Overall, this study aims to bridge the gap between the three time-dependent tests and provides useful insights into developing similar indentation based tests, for creep and stress relaxation measurements in particular

Orientation-depedent mechanical behaviour of electrodeposited copper with nanoscale twins

The electrodeposition of copper is an important technology for the fabrication of micro-components and interconnects. In contrast to nanocrystalline copper, nanotwinned Cu (nt-Cu) exhibits remarkable strength, ductility and electrical conductivity1. Our recent work2 reported the possibility to deposit copper samples with highly-oriented nanoscale twins by pulse electrodeposition. The twin orientation was altered from horizontal to vertical by changing the applied potential and the twin spacing was controlled with pulse-off time. In this poster, we report the orientation-dependent mechanical properties of electrodeposited copper with nanoscale twins confined within micron-sized columnar grains. The strength and strain rate sensitivity are investigated with respect to the twin orientation by micro-pillar compression. A strong anisotropy is observed between both orientations. A higher strength and strain rate sensitivity is measured for micro-pillars with horizontal twins when compared to vertical twins. Mechanisms responsible for this effect are explored through post-deformation SEM and FIB imaging. The plastic anisotropy was related to the change in critical resolved shear stress in twinned slip system. The experimental work shows the possibility to tailor the mechanical properties of nt-Cu by grain boundary engineering

Estimating and Visualizing Drivers’ Emotions Using the Internet of Digital Reality

Recently, the development of self-driving technology has progressed rapidly. However, self-driving cars have not yet become widespread. Thus, with an aging population, accidents such as road rage and acceleration and brake accidents are likely to continue. Stress is one key reason for such dangerous driving. Thus, technologies must be developed to provide mental support to drivers as required. In this study, we considered estimating driver emotions as a first step along these lines. To this end, we developed a technology to estimate emotions by collecting data on biological signals such as brain waves, heart rate, body movement, and data on a driver's operating status while they are driving. In addition, we introduce a Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) to express the psychological states experienced by drivers. We further present the results of an analysis of data on a driver's emotions from PANAS and data obtained from electroencephalogram (EEG) readings and other biological signals from a car. In addition, the relationship between this experimental environment and the Internet of Digital Reality (IoD) is described

Clinical Characteristics of Fragile X Syndrome Patients in Japan

[Background] Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a well-known X-linked disorder clinically characterized by intellectual disability and autistic features. However, diagnosed Japanese FXS cases have been fewer than expected, and clinical features of Japanese FXS patients remain unknown. [Methods] We evaluated the clinical features of Japanese FXS patients using the results of a questionnaire-based survey. [Results] We presented the characteristics of seven patients aged 6 to 20 years. Long face and large ears were observed in five of seven patients. Macrocephaly was observed in four of five patients. The meaningful word was first seen at a certain time point between 18 and 72 months (median = 60 months). Developmental quotient or intellectual quotient ranged between 20 and 48 (median = 29). Behavioral disorders were seen in all patients (autistic spectrum disorder in six patients, hyperactivity in five patients). Five patients were diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction analysis, and two patients were diagnosed by the cytogenetic study. All physicians ordered FXS genetic testing for suspicious cases because of clinical manifestations. [Conclusion] In the present study, a long face, large ears, macrocephaly, autistic spectrum disorder, and hyperactivity were observed in almost cases, and these characteristics might be common features in Japanese FXS patients. Our finding indicated the importance of clinical manifestations to diagnosis FXS. However, the sample size of the present study is small, and these features are also seen to patients with other disorders. We consider that genetic testing for FXS should be performed on a wider range of intellectually disabled cases

Electrodeposition of amorphous Fe-Cr-Ni stainless steel alloy with high corrosion resistance, low cytotoxicity and soft magnetic properties

Electrodeposition of Fe-Cr-Ni alloy thin films with high corrosion resistance, low cytotoxicity and soft-magnetic properties is reported. Fe-Cr-Ni films with Cr contents from 5 wt% to 40 wt% were prepared by adjusting the current density during electrodeposition and the film properties were investigated. An excellent corrosion resistance was found in films with high Cr contents (≥30 wt%), where anodic polarization performance similar to those of AISI 304 and 316L stainless steels was observed in both acidic and biological media. Cell compatibility, measured by lactate dehydrogenase assay, demonstrated that electrodeposited Fe-Cr-Ni films exhibit low cytotoxicity, comparable to AISI 304 and 316L stainless steels. Unlike AISI 304 and AISI 316L, which are conventional austenite stainless steels, the electrodeposited Fe-Cr-Ni films were found to be amorphous. This leads to soft ferromagnetic characteristics, which are dependent on the alloy composition. The unique combination of excellent corrosion resistance, low cytotoxicity and tunable magnetic properties makes this material interesting for functional coatings and components in advanced biological and medical microsystems

Preventive effects of betamethasone valerate ointment for radiation-induced severe oral mucositis in patients with oral or oropharyngeal cancer: protocol for a multicentre, phase II, randomised controlled trial (Bet-ROM study)

Introduction: This is a randomised, multi-centre, open-label, phase II study to evaluate the efficacy of betamethasone valerate ointment on radiation-induced oral mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing concomitant radiotherapy with cisplatin or cetuximab.Methods and analysis: The trial will take place at seven hospitals in Japan. Patients will be randomised (1:1) into betamethasone and control groups after the occurrence of grade 1 oral mucositis. In the betamethasone group, patients will use betamethasone valerate ointment five times a day, in addition to usual oral hygiene guidance. The primary endpoint is the incidence and onset time of grade 3 oral mucositis. The secondary endpoints are the incidence and onset time of grade 2 oral mucositis, incidence and onset time of oral candidiasis, completion of radiation therapy and adverse events. Target accrual is 102 patients with a two-sided type I error rate of 5% and 80% power to detect an 80% risk reduction in the incidence of grade 3 oral mucositis.Ethics and dissemination: This study was approved by the Clinical Research Review Board of Nagasaki University (No. CRB20-009). All participants will be required to provide written informed consent. Findings will be disseminated through scientific and professional conferences and peer-reviewed journal publication. The datasets generated during the study will be available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.Trial registration number: jRCTs071200013